Atlantic Veterinary Internal Medicine & Oncology (AVIMO)
Understanding Lab Tests: CBC, Blood Chemistry, and Urinalysis
When your pet isn’t feeling well—or even during routine wellness exams—your veterinarian may recommend lab testing to learn more about how their body is functioning on the inside. Three of the most common and important tests we use are the Complete Blood Count (CBC), Blood Chemistry Panel, and Urinalysis.
Each of these tests provides different information, and together they give us a more complete picture of your pet’s overall health.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
A CBC looks at the cells in your pet’s blood—specifically red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
What it tells us:
Red blood cells help carry oxygen; too few may mean anemia.
White blood cells help fight infection; high or low levels may indicate infection, inflammation, or immune issues.
Platelets help with clotting; low levels can increase the risk of bleeding.
A CBC is especially helpful if your pet has signs of illness like lethargy, fever, or unusual bruising, or if we’re monitoring certain conditions or medications.
Blood Chemistry Panel
This test evaluates how well your pet’s internal organs are functioning by measuring various enzymes, proteins, and electrolytes in the blood.
What it tells us:
Kidney and liver function
Blood sugar levels
Electrolyte balance (such as sodium, potassium, and calcium)
Protein levels
Clues about hydration status or digestive issues
A blood chemistry panel helps us diagnose problems like kidney or liver disease, diabetes, hormonal disorders, and more. It’s also used to monitor pets with chronic conditions or those taking long-term medications.
Urinalysis
A urinalysis is a simple test that examines your pet’s urine. It provides important information about kidney health, hydration, and the urinary tract.
What it tells us:
Signs of urinary tract infection
Presence of crystals or blood in the urine
Protein levels, which may indicate kidney issues
Evidence of diabetes or other metabolic conditions
A urinalysis is often performed alongside bloodwork for a more complete understanding of your pet’s health—especially when evaluating kidney function or investigating symptoms like increased thirst or urination.
Why These Tests Matter
Together, the CBC, chemistry panel, and urinalysis allow us to catch potential issues early, monitor ongoing conditions, and make informed decisions about treatment. They are often the first step in diagnosing internal medical problems and play a key role in keeping your pet healthy and comfortable.
If your pet has been scheduled for lab testing and you have questions, we’re always happy to explain what the results mean and what to expect next. Our goal is to partner with you in giving your pet the best possible care.
